Ocular Trauma and Emergency Ophthalmology

Time-sensitive management defines the scope of ocular trauma and emergency ophthalmology, where rapid assessment can preserve vision and prevent permanent disability. From open globe injuries to chemical burns, traumatic hyphema to orbital fractures, emergency ophthalmic presentations require swift clinical judgment and access to specialized care. Advances in imaging—such as point-of-care ultrasound and high-resolution CT—aid in immediate decision-making. Primary repair techniques and protective strategies continue to evolve, with emphasis on preserving ocular structures and visual potential. Pediatric trauma presents unique challenges, often complicated by non-verbal symptom reporting or abuse-related injuries. Interdisciplinary cooperation with emergency physicians and trauma teams is vital, especially in multi-system injuries. As global conflict, industrial hazards, and road accidents increase ocular injury risk, structured trauma protocols and public education are central to reducing long-term complications.