Wilms Tumor

Wilms tumor, also known as nephroblastoma, primarily affects the kidneys but can occasionally metastasize to the eyes, specifically to the retina. This occurrence is extremely rare but poses significant diagnostic challenges when it does happen. In ophthalmology, Wilms tumor typically presents as leukocoria, a white reflection from the retina resembling a cat's eye. This symptom is crucial for early detection and prompt treatment, which is essential due to the aggressive nature of the tumor. Ophthalmologists play a critical role in diagnosing ocular manifestations of Wilms tumor through detailed eye examinations, which may include indirect ophthalmoscopy and imaging techniques such as ultrasound or MRI. Collaborative efforts between ophthalmologists and pediatric oncologists are essential for comprehensive management and improving outcomes in patients with ocular involvement of Wilms tumor.