Proptosis

Proptosis, or exophthalmos, refers to the abnormal protrusion of the eye from the orbit. This condition can result from a variety of causes, including thyroid eye disease (most commonly Graves' disease), orbital tumors, infections, and trauma. Clinically, patients may present with symptoms such as eye redness, swelling, double vision, or decreased visual acuity. Diagnosis typically involves a thorough clinical examination, imaging studies like CT or MRI scans, and blood tests to evaluate underlying systemic conditions. Management depends on the underlying cause and may range from medical therapy, such as corticosteroids for inflammatory causes, to surgical intervention for tumors or severe cases. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are crucial to prevent complications like vision loss and to improve cosmetic outcomes. Regular follow-up with an ophthalmologist is essential for monitoring and managing this condition effectively.