Retinoschisis

Retinoschisis is a condition characterized by the splitting of the neurosensory retina into distinct layers, typically occurring in the peripheral retina. It can be categorized into two types: juvenile retinoschisis, which is congenital and affects young males, and acquired retinoschisis, which typically occurs in older adults and is associated with conditions like myopia or trauma. In juvenile retinoschisis, the splitting occurs within the nerve fiber layer, leading to characteristic schisis cavities visible on examination. Vision loss can occur due to macular involvement or complications such as retinal detachment. Management involves regular monitoring to detect complications early, as well as interventions like laser photocoagulation or surgery if needed. Acquired retinoschisis involves splitting within the outer plexiform and outer nuclear layers. It often manifests with peripheral retinal changes visible on fundus examination. Treatment focuses on addressing underlying causes and managing complications to preserve vision and prevent progression to retinal detachment.