Keratitis

Keratitis refers to the inflammation of the cornea, the transparent layer covering the front of the eye. It can be caused by various factors including infections (bacterial, viral, fungal), trauma, dryness, or underlying systemic diseases. Symptoms typically include eye pain, redness, blurred vision, sensitivity to light (photophobia), and excessive tearing. Bacterial keratitis often results from poor contact lens hygiene or eye injuries. Viral keratitis, such as herpes simplex keratitis, may recur and cause significant discomfort. Fungal keratitis is more common in tropical climates or after corneal trauma with organic material. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are crucial to prevent complications like corneal scarring and vision loss. Management includes topical or oral antibiotics, antivirals, or antifungals depending on the cause. Severe cases may require hospitalization and close monitoring by ophthalmologists, potentially involving surgical intervention such as corneal transplantation. Prevention involves proper eye care, especially for contact lens wearers, and seeking immediate medical attention for any eye injuries or symptoms suggestive of keratitis.