Endophthalmitis

Endophthalmitis is a serious condition in ophthalmology characterized by inflammation within the eye's interior. It typically results from microbial infection, commonly bacteria like Staphylococcus aureus or Streptococcus species, though fungi can also be causative agents. This condition can develop post-operatively after intraocular surgery, particularly cataract surgery, or due to penetrating trauma to the eye. Symptoms of endophthalmitis include severe eye pain, decreased vision, redness, and sometimes discharge. Diagnosis involves a thorough eye examination, often with sampling of intraocular fluids for culture to identify the causative organism. Prompt treatment is crucial to prevent vision loss and may include intravitreal antibiotics or antifungals, and systemic therapy depending on the microorganism involved. Prevention strategies include strict aseptic techniques during eye surgeries, appropriate use of antibiotics prophylactically, and timely management of ocular trauma. Endophthalmitis requires urgent intervention to minimize damage to the eye and preserve visual function.