Title : Anti-inflammatory properties of omega-3 fatty acids and its clinical significance in the treatment of dry eye syndrome
Abstract:
Purpose: to evaluate the effectiveness of nutritional omega-3 fatty acid supplementation in the management of dry eye disease (DED). We focused on the anti-inflammatory properties of omega-3 and its impact on the symptoms and signs of DED, especially in patients with meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD).
Methods: We conducted a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Selection criteria was based on inclusion of omega-3 supplementation, implementation of the tear break-up time (TBUT), Schirmer’s test, Ocular Surface Index (OSDI) scores and improvement of symptoms as objective and subjective assessments. respectively.
Results: 34 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with a total 0f 4,314 participants from 13 countries were included in the study. Reasonable confirmation was found for improvements in production of aqueous tear and tear film stability,especially with long-chain omega-3 supplementation.Nonetheless,the clinical relevance of these improvements remains uncertain. The tear break-up time (TBUT) demonstrated clinically relevant improvement,though the reduction in symptoms on the OSDI scale and findings from the tear osmolality test were less noticeable.Moreover patients with meibomian gland dysfunction and dry eye may experience positive effect from omega-3 fatty acids,nevertheless the number of studies and participants was constrained.
Conclusions: Regardless of the observation of statistically important improvements,Omega-3 fatty acids demonstrated potential therapeutic worth in managing dry eye disease,especially in cases related to meibomian gland dysfunction. On the other hand,confirmations regarding its effectiveness are erratic,and further research studies are required to obtain the optimal dosage,long-term effects and particular patient population that may experience the greatest benefit from omega-3 supplementation. These observations propose that omega-3 supplementation could be used as an adjunct to other treatment options in dealing with dry eye disease,although current evidence does not support it as a sole remedy.
