Title : Optic disc pits and optic disc pit maculopathy: A review
Abstract:
Optic disc pits are a rare but significant anomaly of the optic nerve head that can lead to visual impairment and associated complications. These pits are characterized by a small, oval-shaped depression in the disc, which can cause fluid accumulation and subsequent damage to the adjacent retina. Although the etiology and pathogenesis of optic disc pits are not fully understood, several theories have been proposed, including abnormal embryonic development and degenerative changes. Diagnosis is typically made through a comprehensive eye examination, including a dilated fundus exam and optical coherence tomography. Management options vary depending on the severity of the condition and associated complications, ranging from observation to surgical intervention.
Key Words: Optic Disc Pit, Optic Disc Pit Maculopathy, Pars Plana Vitrectomy, Retinoschisis, Endolaser, Gas Tamponade.
Audience Take Away Notes
- Optic disc pits are a relatively uncommon but potentially vision-threatening condition that affects the optic nerve head
- The treatment options available include observation, laser therapy, and surgical intervention, with the choice otreatment dependent on the size, location, and number of pits as well as the degree of associated macular edema or sub retinal fluid
- The aim of treatment is to prevent progressive visual loss and to stabilize or improve vision
- Regular monitoring is essential for early detection of changes, and appropriate intervention to preserve vision. Further research is required to improve our understanding of the pathogenesis of optic disc pits and to optimize their management
